Ketogenic diet

The ketogenic diet is a very-low-carbohydrate (typically <50 g/day), high-fat, moderate-protein eating pattern that drives the body into sustained nutritional ketosis. Originally developed to treat refractory pediatric epilepsy, it is now studied for type 2 diabetes, obesity, and neurodegenerative conditions. Mechanisms include lower insulin, improved metabolic flexibility, and ketone-mediated signaling. Long-term effects on lipid profiles, kidney function, and adherence remain under active investigation.